{"id":1002,"date":"2021-08-18T14:46:49","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T14:46:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinataba2.starfruit.jmtfoto.com\/?post_type=business_areas&p=1002"},"modified":"2022-01-04T06:02:37","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T06:02:37","slug":"cigar","status":"publish","type":"business_areas","link":"https:\/\/jmtfoto.com\/business_areas\/cigar\/","title":{"rendered":"NGUY\u00caN LI\u1ec6U"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

NGUY\u00caN LI\u1ec6U THU\u1ed0C L\u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 cao trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>.

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 l\u00e0 l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng r\u1eddi, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1ch c\u1ecdng, s\u1ee3i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, c\u1ecdng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 qua d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch c\u1ecdng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p v\u1eadt, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ebfu. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea5y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c ph\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u00f3a l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch c\u1ecdng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, W: 12,5 – 13,5% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 V\u00e0ng s\u1ea5y; W: 14 \u2013 15,5% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Burley, N\u00e2u ph\u01a1i ; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng ki\u1ec7n: 40 – 46o<\/sup>C. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u00e1ch c\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i n\u0103m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nicotin, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0 tan, este, phenol,\u2026 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o th\u00eam h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng s\u1ed1c khi h\u00fat. Qui c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng ki\u1ec7n th\u00f9ng carton l\u00e0m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed cho kh\u00e2u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp trong kho b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u00e1ch c\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, k\u00edch c\u1ee1 l\u00e1, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, t\u1ea1p v\u1eadt,\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, theo \u0111\u00f3 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i: Virginia, Oriental, Burley v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 N\u00e2u.<\/span> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea1i T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 n\u00ean c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qui m\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 5 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 10.000 ha \u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn 12.000 ha, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3m do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn t\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chung th\u00ec thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ng\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, gi\u1ed1ng cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng xen, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed9ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sau b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i\u2026 Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap canh t\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea1i 7 t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3: Ph\u00eda B\u1eafc g\u1ed3m Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n; Ph\u00eda Nam g\u1ed3m Gia Lai, \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k, Ninh Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ninh. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung, chuy\u00ean canh, \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n